Ankylosing spondylitis (Morbus Bechterew) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that begins gradually with nonspecific back pain in the lumbar spine and buttocks area. Inflammation occurs in bones and joints, which can also affect other organs such as the heart, kidneys, eyes, and skin. Some patients also suffer from joint inflammation in the elbows, knees, hands, or feet, resembling arthritis. In advanced stages, the inflammation in the axial skeleton can lead to a fused spine, where individual joints merge into what is known as a "bamboo spine."

Possible causes include:

• Genetic predisposition
• Alteration of the HLA-B27 gene
• Other autoimmune diseases

Possible treatments include:

• Acupuncture
• Physiotherapy
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Biologics (rheumatic medications)
• Surgery (rarely)

The cervical spine syndrome (C-spine-syndrome) is a collective term for complaints and symptoms caused by functional disorders or diseases of the cervical spine. It is not an independent diagnosis but rather a description of symptoms that can have various causes.

Possible causes include:

• Muscle tension
• Degenerative changes
• Disc wear and tear
• Osteoarthritis of the small vertebral joints
• Accidents, e.g., whiplash
• Misalignments or poor posture of the spine

Possible treatments include:

• Acupuncture
• Physiotherapy
• Heat therapy
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Pain relief medication
• Ergonomic adjustments
• Surgery (only for degenerative cervical spine diseases)

A herniated disc occurs when disc tissue protrudes through a tear in the annulus fibrosus between the vertebral bodies. This can compress nerve roots or the spinal cord, causing severe pain. The lumbar spine is most commonly affected, being 10 times more frequent than in the cervical spine. Herniated discs most commonly occur between the ages of 30 and 60.

Possible causes include:

• Genetic predisposition
• Unilateral overstrain and improper loading
• Imbalance between load capacity and resilience

Possible treatments include:

• Cellular Matrix Therapy
• Acupuncture
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Physiotherapy
• Micro-surgical procedure
• Surgery

Hyperlordosis refers to an excessive inward curvature of the spine, particularly in the lumbar region (lower back). This pronounced curvature causes the pelvis to tilt forward and creates a visible arch in the lower back, often leading to severe pain and limited mobility.

Possible causes include:

• Poor posture
• Overweight or obesity
• Weak core muscles
• Dwarfism (Achondroplasia)
• Osteoporosis
• Spinal disorders

Possible treatments include:

• Acupuncture
• Muscle strengthening exercises
• Physiotherapy
• Manual therapy (massage)
• Corsets and braces
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Pharmacological treatment
• Surgery

The term Lumbago refers to a form of acute back pain in the lumbar spine area. In medical terms, it is known as lumbago, acute lumbar syndrome, or acute lumbalgia. The pain can be so intense that those affected may find it difficult to move. Common triggers include specific movements such as bending over, lifting, or twisting the torso.

Possible causes include:

• Stress / emotional strain
• Muscle tension
• Weak back muscles
• Overweight
• Lack of physical activity
• Physical overexertion
• Herniated discs
• Joint blockages
• Inflammatory irritations
• Osteoarthritis

Possible treatments include:

• Cellular Matrix Therapy
• Acupuncture
• Massages
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Relaxation exercises
• Pain-relieving, anti-inflammatory, and muscle-relaxing medications

In spinal canal stenosis (spinal stenosis, vertebral stenosis, or vertebrostenosis), the canal within the spine through which the spinal cord passes becomes narrowed. This narrowing creates pressure on the spinal cord, nerves, and blood vessels, leading to severe back pain and potential permanent nerve damage.

Possible causes include:

• Degeneration (wear and tear)
• Congenital defect (rare)
• Disc bulging
• Herniated disc
• Hormonal changes
• Bone diseases such as Paget's disease

Possible treatments include:

• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Physiotherapy
• Braces/Corset (Orthosis)
• Micro-surgical procedure
• Surgery (rarely)

Scheuermann's disease is a growth disorder of the spine in adolescents, which can result in lifelong poor posture and back pain. In Scheuermann's disease, there is an exaggerated curvature of the spine in the thoracic vertebrae area (hyperkyphosis). Affected individuals develop a rounded back, which can progress to a visible hump, leading to severe back pain and vertebral joint blockages.

Possible causes include:

• Growth disorder of the spine (usually between ages 12 and 17)
• Genetic predisposition
• Increased pressure on the growth zones of the vertebral bodies

Possible treatments include:

• Cellular Matrix Therapy
• Acupuncture
• Physiotherapy
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Braces/Corset (Orthosis)
• Pain medications
• Surgery (rarely)

The ISG syndrome refers to an overload of the sacroiliac joint. The two sacroiliac joints (ISG) are the connections between the sacrum and the two iliac bones of the pelvis. They transfer the weight of the torso from the spine to the pelvis and legs. In ISG syndrome, there is often severe, unilateral pain during movement, which can radiate to the buttocks and legs.

Possible causes include:

• Poor posture and strain
• Unequal leg lengths
• Injuries and trauma
• Hormonal influences
• Chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis
• Inflammatory rheumatic diseases
• Overweight (obesity)
• Genetic factors

Possible treatments include:

• Cellular Matrix Therapy
• Physiotherapy (ISG exercises)
• Heat applications
• Pain-relieving medications
• Kinesiotaping
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy

The term spondylolisthesis refers to the slipping or displacement of one vertebra over another, which most commonly occurs in the lumbar spine. It is a condition of the vertebral body where a crack or split forms in the vertebral arch, leading to instability in part of the vertebra. In anterolisthesis or ventrolisthesis, the upper part of the spine, along with the slipping vertebra, moves towards the abdominal wall. If the vertebra slips backward, it is referred to as retrolisthesis.

Possible causes include:

• Wear-related instability of the vertebral body
• Congenital defect (spondylolysis)
• Low bone density (osteoporosis)
• Sports injuries
• Falls or accidents

Possible treatments include:

• Cellular Matrix Therapy
• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Physiotherapy
• Lumbar support brace
• Micro-surgical procedure
• Surgery

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine, characterized by a lateral curvature and the twisting of the vertebral bodies against each other. In severe cases, this leads to a visibly pronounced misalignment. The muscles are no longer able to compensate for the curvature, resulting in chronic conditions often associated with severe back pain.

Possible causes include:

• Genetic predisposition (80%)
• Unequal leg lengths
• Low bone density
• Nerve and muscle diseases
• Osteoporosis
• Amputations
• Trauma
• Tumor surgeries

Possible treatments include:

• Physiotherapy
• Scoliosis brace
• Pain-relieving medications
• Surgery

Osteochondrosis refers to a degenerative condition of the spine. Due to improper loading of the spine, changes occur in the cartilage tissue, intervertebral discs, and vertebral bodies. These changes are caused by wear and tear and are degenerative in nature. Affected bones and/or cartilage are progressively degraded as the disease advances.

Possible causes include:

• Age-related wear and tear of the spine
• Age-related loss of bone density
• Genetic predisposition
• Uneven loading of the spine
• Scoliosis
• Herniated disc

Possible treatments include:

• Cellular Matrix Therapy
• Acupuncture
• Physiotherapy
• Infusion therapy
• Pain medication
• Healthy diet
• Braces/Corset (Orthosis)
• Micro-surgical procedure
• Surgery

A vertebral fracture is the breakage of a vertebral body within the spine. There is a distinction between fractures caused by accidents and those due to osteoporosis (reduced bone density). This age-related bone condition frequently affects women after menopause. While the risk of spinal cord damage is relatively low, vertebral fractures can still cause severe pain and spinal misalignment.

Possible causes include:

• Osteoporosis
• Falls or accidents
• Cancer and tumors
• Ankylosing spondylitis (Morbus Bechterew)
• Bone marrow edema

Possible treatments include:

• Infusion therapy
• Infiltration therapy
• Physiotherapy
• Braces/Corset (Orthosis)
• Micro-surgical procedure
• Surgery